Amenorrhea / Absent Menses

Amenorrhea is the absence of menstruation, often defined as missing one or more menstrual periods. Primary amenorrhea refers to the absence of menstruation in someone who has not had a period by age 15. The most common causes of primary amenorrhea relate to hormone levels. Secondary amenorrhea refers to the absence of three or more periods in a row by someone who has had periods in the past. The most common of these include natural causes, lifestyle factors,  Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), Premature ovarian failure, Turner syndrome, and hormonal imbalances. Symptoms associated with amenorrhea depend on the cause , Headache, breasts produce milk , Marked weight gain or weight loss, Acne, Dry vagina, Increased hair growth in a "male" pattern , Voice changes, Breast size changes, Cyclic pain without bleeding.

Menorrhagia - Heavy Menstrual Bleeding

Menorrhagia is the term used for menstrual periods with abnormally heavy or prolonged bleeding, you can't maintain your usual activities when you have your period because you have so much blood loss and cramping. You may bleed so much that you have to change your tampon or pad every hour for several hours back-to-back. You may pass blood clots the size of a quarter or even larger. Heavy menstrual bleeding can be serious if you lose so much blood that you show signs of anemia. Anemia is a condition arising from having too little iron in your body. Anemia can be life-threatening without treatment. Signs of heavy menstrual bleeding include Abdominal pain, Periods lasting longer than seven days, Passing blood clots that are the size of a quarter or bigger. The blood may appear red, pink, brown, or even rust-like, Bleeding through 1 or more tampons or pads each hour for more than two consecutive hours, Losing more than 80 milliliters of blood during your period instead of 35-40 milliliters, Symptoms of anemia, such as tiredness, fatigue or shortness of breath.

Dysmenorrhea – Painful menses

Menstrual cramps ,dysmenorrhea are throbbing or cramping pains in the lower abdomen. Many women have menstrual cramps just before and during their menstrual periods. Causes may be  being under age 20, having a family history of painful periods, smoking, having heavy bleeding with periods, having irregular periods, never having had a baby, reaching puberty before age 11, endometriosis, fibroids, pelvic inflammatory disease, cerivcal stenosis. Symptoms of menstrual cramps are throbbing or cramping pain in your lower abdomen that can be intense, pain that starts 1 to 3 days before your period, peaks 24 hours after the onset of your period and subsides in 2 to 3 days, pain that radiates to your lower back and thighs. Nausea, loose stools, headache, dizziness.

White discharge – Leukorrhea

Vaginal discharge medically known as leukorrhea. Vaginal discharge is a clear or whitish fluid that comes out of your vagina. Discharge is normal, but changes in the amount, consistency, color or smell could indicate an infection or other problem. Leukorrhea is also a sign of vaginitis means inflammation of the vagina, which is often caused by infection with the fungus Candida albicans or by infection with the protozoan parasite Trichomonas vaginalis, Sexual intercourse that is unprotected, nutritional deficiency, poor maintenance of hygiene in intimate areas, any injury to the cervix or any other part of the female reproductive system during pregnancy, infection of the urinary tract. Symptoms are Foul-smelling vaginal discharge, pain in the stomach or cramps, constipation, headaches, itching sensation, pain in the lumbar region and calves.

Puberty

Puberty begins between the ages of 8 and 13 and lasts several years. Puberty involves physical and emotional changes that can be both challenging and exciting. Being prepared and informed is the best way to manage the changes you will experience during puberty. Puberty in girls usually begins between the ages of 8 and 13 and lasts for several years. It is the time where your body develops and matures. When puberty begins, you will start to notice changes both physically and emotionally. The first sign of puberty for girls is breast development or breast budding, hair growth on different body parts including the arm pits and outside of the vagina, sometimes acne, increase in the body weight, more sweat. At times you may feel overwhelmed by these changes. The most important thing to remember is that everyone is different, and you will start puberty at the right time for your body, which may also be different from other girls in your family. However, if you haven’t started developing breasts by age 12 or have not had your first period by age 15, speak with your doctor.